Project Management Process Groups
Initiation Process Group
The project begins life in the initiation process group. The important processes that are included in this process group are: Develop Project Charter and Identify Stake holders. Be sure and understand the business case that fuels your project, and know that selecting a project manager, understanding basic over-all requirements, risks, objectives and deliverables will be in here somewhere.
Planning Process Group
The major activities in this process group is going to be the planning processes: Develop Project Management Plan, Collect Requirements, Define Scope, Create WBS, Define Activities, Sequence Activities, Estimate Activity Resources, Estimate Activity durations, Develop Schedule, Estimate Costs, Determine Budget, Plan Quality, Develop Human Resource Plan, Plan Communications, Plan Risk Management, Identify Risks, Perform Qualitative and Quantitative Risk analysis, Plan Risk Responses, Plan Procurement. Some iterations will be required in these planning and developing processes due to progressive elaboration. This simply means that we will get more detail as we progressively find out more about the requirements and constraints of the project. At some point we will begin to finalize the scope, requirement, deliverables, and all of the management plans. As these plans and developments are finalized, the project will move into the next process group.
Executing Process Group
The major activities in this process group will be Direct and Manage project Execution, Perform Quality Assurance, Acquire Project Team, Develop Project Team, Manage Project Team, Distribute Information, Manage Stakeholder Expectations, Conduct Procurements. In here you will manage the project as you set out to do in the manage project plan. You will set up an integrated change control system, and only implement approved changes to the project. You will guard the scope baseline carefully, any changes to scope will translate into immediate changes to schedule and budget, and will impact risk and quality as well.
Monitoring and Controlling Process Group
The major activities in this process group are Monitor and control Project Work, Perform Integrated Change Control, Verify Scope , Control Scope, Control Schedule, Control Costs, Perform Quality Control, Report Performance, Monitor and Control Risks, Administer Procurements. In this set of processes you will be assessing the performance of the project and how well it is conforming to the proscribed scope, cost, schedule, risks, and etc. Among the important things in this process group is to follow your communications plan. Communicate variances to stakeholders quickly and manage their expectations. Influence the factors that cause change and approve or reject changes. Communications is the key in this phase of the project. Stakeholders need to know right away if the project has run into issues and will not be on schedule or on budget.
Closing Process Group
The closing process only include the Close Project or Phase process and the Close Procurements process. However it does include bringing up to date the organization assets that include the lessons learned and the detailed reports of the project. This is the point where final acceptance of the project and the deliverables are garnered and where the resources working on the project are released.
These five process groups outline the life cycle of a project from beginning to end. Applying these processes to your project will insure that they are complete and haven’t left anything to chance. These processes are outlined in the PMBOK guide, and I would suggest that you get the guide and read through it a couple of times before taking the test. Page 43 of the PMBOK guide, version 4 has a chart that shows these process groups and the processes they contain in a graphical table like form. It is something that you should memorize and be prepared to copy identically onto a “brain dump” sheet given to you at the PMP testing center. It is often easier to jot down this type of memorized material before even starting the test so that you don’t mix it up in the heat of the moment.
Elroy King
If you have any questions about project management or about the PMP test, please leave them for me as a comment and I will try to answer them.
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